STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF 60CO R-RAY RADIATION ON THE CALLUS OF BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEA L. VAR. ITALICA. P.)

ISHS Acta Horticulturae 402: International Symposium on Cultivar Improvement of Horticultural Crops. Part 1: Vegetable Crops

**STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ⁶⁰CO R-RAY RADIATION ON THE CALLUS OF BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEA L. VAR. ITALICA. P.)**

Authors:	Q. Zhiwei, A. Yangchu, W. Chao, X. Ruixian
Keywords:	broccoli, Callus, effect of radistion
Abstract: The scapes from the 9–3–1 strain of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica. P.) were used as explants. The were inoculated in the culture medium of MS+BA2.0mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L, and cultured for 7 days, and 14 days in the first place. After the inoculations had formed the callus, they were ex-irradiated with ⁶⁰co -ray of different doses (OKR, 5KR, 10Kr, 15KR and 20KR). The development of the callus, differentaiation of organs and the types of variation of the regenerating plants were studied after irradiation. The experimental results were as follows: The growth rate of the callus cultured for 7 days before irradiation was distinctyly accelerated by the treatment of 5KR does. Within the range of 10–20KR, the inhibitory effect of the irradiation on the growth of the callus became more obvious as its dosage increased. When the callus formed after initial culture for 7 days were irradiated by 5KR dose ⁶⁰co, the incipient stage of rrot development was 1–2 days earlier than the controls; The incipient stage of development of the root and button was gradully postponed and the survival rate of regenerating plants after transplantation plants also drop gradually as the dosage increased. The best results were obtained when the callus formed by the explatns after initial culture for 7 days were treated with 5KR dose; The M₂ mutational spectrum was 8, the total mutation frequency was as high as 10.19%, and the rate of favorable mutations such as early maturity and non-lateral branch were 3.75 and 1.85% respectively.
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