ISHS Acta Horticulturae 392: Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops by Biotechnology
CALLUS FORMATION AND REGENERATION OF SOME SPECIES OF LILIUM |
| Authors: | K. Okazaki, M. Koizumi |
| Keywords: | Callus, Embryogenesis, Lilium, Liquid shaking culture |
| Abstract:
In some species of Lilium, some types of calli were induced from embryos, and yellow nodular calli efficiently formed shoots on the hormone-free medium. The nodular callus of L. x formolongi regenerated plants through embryogenesis 6 months after culture. Picloram was more effective for inducing yellow nodular calli than 2.4-D. Optimum sucrose concentration was 3% sucrose in cultures of L. formosanum, L. longiflorum and L. formosanum, but 3% sucrose + 3% sorbitol in L. 'Asiatic' hybrids and L. 'Oriental' hybrids. When nodular calli were transferred into liquid media, two types of calli were obtained; one was nodular callus established in all species, with about 2.5 fold increase in fresh weight after 3 weeks of culture. The other was callus which formed embryoids in L. ' Asiatic' hybrids, L.' Oriental' hybrids and L. longiflorum and demonstrated a 1.2 – 1.5 fold increase in volume after 3 weeks of culture. The nodular calli formed shoots by organogenesis even after one year in liquid medium and the 1% sucrose concentration was more conductive to the regeneration than the 3% concentration. Embryoids also regenerated plants in preliminary germination tests. The addition of BA was not effective for plant regeneration. In seedlings of L. x formolongi and L. formosanum, yellow nodular calli were induced from leaves, cotyledons and basal plates on medium containing picloram and could be sustained in liquid culture. The highest efficiency of callus induction was obtained in cultures of basal plates. The calli induced from seedlings was similar to that of embryos. | |
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