ISHS Acta Horticulturae 386: XVI International Symposium on Fruit Tree Virus diseases
NEW KNOWLEDGES ON THE CHESTNUT MOSAIC VIRUS DISEASE |
| Authors: | J.C. Desvignes, G. Lecocq |
| Abstract:
The study of the chestnut mosaic virus disease (ChMV), started in 1987 at the Lanxade Center, has been continued. The virus has not yet been isolated and purified. It seems to be introduced in Europe, 30 to 50 years ago, with the importation of Castanea crenata cultivars from Japan: the disease has never been detected in the native C. sativa trees, either cultivated or wild. Rare hybrids like Marigoule Ca 15 and Maraval Ca 74 are sensitive. This last variety, propagated in vitro at a large number for trading as a Phytophthora resistant rootstock, has been used as indicator in greenhouse. Infected cultivars caused chlorotic mottlings, vein yellows, gold part and arcure of the limb, epinasty or atrophy of the leaf, apex wilting, necrosis on graft union and then incompatibility. The most of C. sativa, C. crenata and hybrids are tolerants. Only some varieties show chlorotic mottles on few leaves, at the end of summer. The ChMV was artificially inoculated to Ouercus species and Corylus avellana. It induced chlorotic mottle, vein yellows and mosaic on oak leaves, and dwarfing of hazel plants. The ChMV was eliminated with some difficulty by heat treatment. The disease appeared very epidemic at a short distance, from 5 m to 20 m. Probably it's due to an aerial vector. Few young orchards appeared infected up to 90%, but some trees were infected only on one, two or three branches. | |
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