ISHS Acta Horticulturae 358: International Symposium on Alliums for the Tropics
RESPONSE OF SHALLOT AND GARLIC TO DIFFERENT ALTITUDES |
| Author: | E. Sumiati |
| Abstract:
In Indonesia, shallot is mainly produced in the lowlands (< 700 m asl) and garlic in the highlands. However, garlic is also grown in the lowlands (sea level to 700 m), while shallot is also grown in the highlands (up to 1 200 m). Little is known about the response of physiological processes determining crop growth and development, dormancy, bulbing, and bolting to climatic conditions induced by altitude differences. A pot experiment was executed with garlic cultivar Lumbu Kuning and shallot cultivar Sumenep at two altitudes (1 250 and 110 m). In the same experiment three soil types, namely, andosol, latosol, and alluvial clay were tested. At both elevations bulbing of shallot started 5 weeks after planting, but the maturity (75% fall over) in the lowland was 1 week earlier than in the highland. The yield of shallot in the lowland was also higher. Soil type strongly influenced the bulb quality in terms of shape, firmness, skin colour, and dry matter content, alluvial soil being the most suitable. Garlic performed better in the highland where clove initiation took place at the base of fertile leaves four to six on the 7th week, when the total number of leaves was five to seven. In the lowlands, this happened on fertile leaves four and five on the 6th week, with a total number of leaves of five to six. Maturity was achieved in 12 weeks in the lowland and 1 week later in the highland. Soil type did not influence the quality of garlic noticeably. The possible causes for these responses by shallot and garlic are discussed in this paper. | |
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