ISHS Acta Horticulturae 358: International Symposium on Alliums for the Tropics
STATUS OF ALLIUM PRODUCTION AND RESEARCH IN INDIA |
| Author: | M.L. Pandita |
| Abstract:
Onion is the most important crop among various alliums grown in India for thousands of years now. It occupies an area of 320 000 ha with a total production of 3.35 million tons and an average yield of 10.5 t/ha. There has been a steady increase in area and production of onions in the last decade. India exported 416 000 tons of onion valued at Rs. 1 630.6 million which accounted for about 75% of total foreign exchange earning among fresh vegetables. Besides the traditional Rabi crop (winter season) the Kharif crops (summer) is now being grown successfully in the north and eastern parts of the country which has revolutionized the onion production and marketing in the country. Several important cultivars such as Pusa Red, Pusa Ratnar, Arka Niketan, Punjab Selection, Hisar-2, N-2–4–1, and Udaipur 1–102 have been developed for the Rabi season, whereas, N-53, Arka Kalyan, and Agrifound Dark Red are for the Kharif and late Kharif (Rengda) seasons. Garlic is second in importance after onion and contributes 13.2% of world area and 9.5% of production. The area and production of garlic in India (1991–92) is 62 000 ha and 280 000 tons with an average yield of 4.5 t/ha. About 4 000 tons valued at Rs. 24.7 million were exported in 1991–92. Three cultivars, Agrifound White, Yamuna Safed, and Agrifound Parvati, have been developed by the Associated Agricultural Development Foundation (AADF) for cultivation. The seed of onion is available from AADF, the National Seeds Corporation, and private seed agencies, whereas, some planting material of improved garlic varieties is distributed by AADF. | |
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