ISHS Acta Horticulturae 348: II International Strawberry Symposium
PROTOPLASTS AS TOOLS IN FRAGARIA BREEDING |
| Authors: | A. Wallin, H. Skjöldebrand, M. Nyman |
| Abstract:
Several scientists working with fruit and berries have indicated the need for protoplast technology for strawberry breeding (Jungnickel, 1988; Krul, 1988; Galletta and Maas, 1990; Sullivan, 1991; Jain and Pehu, 1992). Of the species suggested in the 1970's with the greatest potential for breeding by aid of protoplasts, only Fragaria remains. For example, somatic hybrids containing resistance genes, to pathogens and environmental stress have been transferred from related species into various Brassica species (Fahleson, et al., 1988; Sjödin, et al., 1989) and into cultivated potato (Helgeson, et al., 1986). New varieties of potato have also been formed by intra specific hybridization of potato. Waara, et al. (1991) have generated tetraploid potato by fusing protoplasts from different varieties of diploid potato. The genetic constitution of strawberry with strong heterozygosity and high ploidy levels as well as the rich supply of wild Fragaria species with interesting characteristics make Fragaria particularly interesting for breeding with alternative methods such as gene transfer (directed variation by introduction of foreign genes), somatic hybridization (combining genomes by fusion of somatic cells) and somaclonal variation (utilizing existing or induced variation in cells). In order to continue a positive development of strawberry breeding without inbreeding and depression, genetic variation can be provided by alternative methods and serve as a supplement to conventional breeding. | |
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