Abstract:
The United States has 486,000 bearing acres of apples, 71,300 bearing acres of pears, and 740,220 bearing acres of grapes.
These fruit crops are produced in different geographical areas throughout the United States.
Climatic conditions, disease and insect problems and cultural practices, therefore, differ considerably between the different geographical production areas.
The United States has no guidelines or standards for the integrated production of pome fruits.
Nevertheless, much research and educational effort have been directed towards development of cultural practices that are effective, economical, minimize adverse effects of the farming system on the environment and reduce the utilization of agricultural pesticides.
Proponents of different production systems have proposed "organic farming systems", "integrated pest management", "low input sustainable agriculture (LISA)" and "sustainable agriculture".
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