ISHS Acta Horticulturae 338: VI International Workshop on Fireblight
BREEDING FOR FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN APPLE |
| Authors: | C. Fischer, K. Richter, H.-J. Schaefer |
| Abstract:
The first programme for apple breeding (to improve scab resistance) was started in Germany in 1928. At present the aim of resistance breeding consists in a multiple resistance against fungal and bacterial diseases and pests. In 1974 a special breeding programme for Fire Blight resistance in apple was initiated at Dresden - Pillnitz in cooperation with the Institute of Phytopathology, Aschersleben. Resistance in apple is evaluated on graftings on "MM 106" - rootstocks and seedlings by needle - inoculation of succulent shoot tips with a suspension composed of three virulent isolates (109 cells/ml) of Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winslow et al. The tests were carried out under glasshouse and field conditions. Blossoms on trees were inoculated by spraying or painting. The symptoms induced were evaluated 4 weeks p.i. In many cases blossom and shoot susceptibility respectively resistance corresponded. On some varieties we found no correlations between blossom and shoot resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to test both, blossoms and shoots. Under the climatical conditions in central Germany blossom infections are very dangerous, especially to pear. In the last years we found hybrids in the breeding material with a high level of Fire Blight resistance combined with scab and mildew resistance. Varieties with triple resistance are: Remo, Rewena, Reanda and Reglindis. In the apple breding without resistance genes two cultivars were obtained with a low level of susceptibility - Pinova and Pilot. | |
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