ISHS Acta Horticulturae 331: WOCMAP I - Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Conference: part 3 of 4
THE PATTERN OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ACCUMULATION IN CAMOMILE GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT GROWING CONDITIONS AND HARVESTING FREQUENCIES |
| Authors: | W. Letchamo, R. Marquard |
| Abstract:
A comparative investigation of three camomile genotypes under two sowing seasons, various harvest frequencies and aging of the plants has been carried out. The main objective was to establish the pattern of the main active ingredients accumulation in their entirety and provide information about qualitative and quantitative changes for selection or breeding and marketing purposes of camomile. It was found that there were distinct genotypic differences in dry matter accumulation in response to the time of sowing and harvest frequency. Autumn sown "Diploide" (2n= 18) produced 19%, "BK2-39" (2n = 36) 11% and "R-43" (2n = 36) 59% more drug yield/pot than the spring sowing. The variation in the essential oil content due to the difference in sowing seasons was less than the dry matter accumulation and content of the main active substances. With the aging and repeated harvest of the flowers, a decreasing tendency in essential content was recorded. A mean difference of only 4.6%, 6.0% and 4.0% more alpha bisabolol content in Autumn sown "Diploide", "BK2-39" and "R-43" respectivly was recorded. The highest alpha bisabolol content was recorded in the 1st and 2nd harvests. 19% and 23% more chamazulen content in Autumn sown "BK2-39" and "R-43" was recorded. The difference for "Diploide" was negligible. A 30% more trans-EID content was observed in all the Autumn sown variants. Apigenin content in Spring sown "Diploide" and "BK2-39" was higher by 21% and 27% than in Autumn. But Autumn sown "R-43" had 21% more apigenin concentration than Autumn sown. The highest apigenin and apigetrin content in "Diploide" and "BK2-39" was obtained from the second harvest in both sowing seasons, while in "R-43", it was found in the first followed by the third harvest. The lowest concentration of flavonoids was obtained from the fourth harvest in all variants. | |
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