ISHS Acta Horticulturae 330: WOCMAP I - Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Conference: part 4 of 4
GENETICAL, ONTOGENETICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSED VARIABILITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM 'COMPLEX' |
| Authors: | L. Hofmann, D. Fritz |
| Abstract:
Eleven tetraploid up to octoploid clones of the Achillea millefolium 'complex' and the tetraploid variety 'Proa', were cultivated in a field experiment over two years. In each year the blooms were harvested twice, in summer and in autumn. The essential oil of the flowerheads was obtained by steam disitillation. The compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. The variability of the major components was characterized by GC investigation. No correlation between the degree of ploidy and the amount of essential oil or chamazulene could be established but higher ploidy tended to produce lower contents. Monoterpene components varied more widely (sabinene up to 20%) than sesquiterpenes. The chamazulene content was quite stable. The amount and composition of the components of every clone differed both in strength and direction. As a rule, some monoterpenes showed positive correlation, mostly distinct between  -pinene and  -pinene.
The different factors of influence and their significance for qualitative and quantitative oil composition of the twelve cultivars are discussed.
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