ISHS Acta Horticulturae 301: IV International Symposium on Processing Tomatoes
ENTOMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS OF THE TOMATO CROP IN VENEZUELA |
| Author: | S. A. Fernández |
| Abstract:
The tomato crop is the most important vegetable in Venezuela. The cultivated are has been increased since 1960 from 2200 to 9000 hectares harvested in 1990. Almost 60 percent of the tomato production is used by processing industries. The expansion of the cultivated area, the monoculture and the irrational use of insecticides has generated an increase of insect pest which cause economic damage. Twenty years ago, most of the tomato insects were secondary pests easily controlled with any king of insecticides. At the present time, all of them have became serious pest, been necessary to establish an integrated pest management program. The main tomato pests in Venezuela are: 1) "Fruit borer" Nevleucinodes elegantalis (Guenee) Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae), 2) "Potato ruber moth" Phihorimaea operculella (Zeller) and "Tomato moth" Scroipalpula absoluia (Meyerick (Lepdidoptera: Gelechiidae); 3) "Leafminers" Liriomyza spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae); 4) "Whitefly" Bemisia tabaci (Gen.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae); 5) "Tobacco Budworm" and "Tomato fruitworm" Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae); and 6) Aphids Mycus persicae (Sulzer) Homoptera: Aphididae). | |
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