ISHS Acta Horticulturae 227: International Symposium on Vegetative Propagation of Woody Species
CHANGES IN STRUCTURE AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF VITRIFIED LEAVES OF 'GALA' APPLE IN VITRO |
| Authors: | P.-L. Pasqualetto, W.P. Wergin, R.H. Zimmerman |
| Abstract:
A model system was recently developed to study vitrification of in vitro apple cultures in which the only critical factor is the substitution of one gelling agent for another. Use of Gelrite induces vitrification of tissues in cultivars of apple, while Bacto-Agar produces normal growth. Shoot tips of 'Gala' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) were cultured in vitro on media differing only in the gelling agent. Transverse sections of vitrified leaves showed cell hypertrophy, degeneration of palisade tissue and spongy mesophyll, and large intercellular spaces. Over 21 days of culture, the number of stomates in vitrified leaves were generally lower than in normal leaves. Vitrified leaves had a higher K and Ca content than normal leaves, while the difference in Mg was less evident. | |
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