ISHS Acta Horticulturae 177: IV International Symposium on Flower Bulbs
BYMV-FREE CLONES OF EIGHT GLADIOLUS CULTIVARS OBTAINED BY MERISTEM-TIP CULTURE |
| Authors: | A. Bertaccini, F. Marani |
| Abstract:
The results of 5 years of research on the production of gladioli free from Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus (BYMV) using in vitro meristem-tip culture are reported. Eight cultivars were used in the studies: "Eurovision", "White Friendship", "Peter Pears", "Spic Span", "Rose Supréme", "Victor Borghe", "White Prosperity" and "Trader Horn". The meristem-tips with the first leaf were taken from apical and axillary buds of corms kept at 4°C. They were grown in a temperature-controlled chamber (24±1°C) with artificial light (3000 lux) for 16 h/d. The percentage of surviving explants was 30%, the average proliferation rate was 1:8 and the rooting percentage was 95%. For growth and proliferation, a medium was used containing the macro- and microelements and the vitamins indicated by Murashige and Skoog (MS) to which 0.12 mg L-1 of benzylaminopurine (BAP) was added. For rooting, half the concentration of MS elements plus 0.5 mg L-1 of naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) was used. The percentage of surviving plantlets after transplanting into the soil varied from 60 to 80%, depending on the cultivar. An increase in corm circumference was obtained through repeated transplants after periods of 1–2 months in cold storage (4°C). In this way, it was possible to make two transplants every year. Two controls using the electron microscope and test plants were carried out on the leaves to test the presence of BYMV, one of them after the first transplanting into the soil, and the other when the corms had a circumference of 2–3 cm. Corms tested four years after excision of the meristem were found to be 80–90% BYMV-free. | |
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