ISHS Acta Horticulturae 165: III International Symposium on Vaccinium Culture
THE WILD BERRY AREAS IN POLAND |
| Author: | A. Zdanowski |
| Abstract:
From forest fructiferous plants of the genus Vaccinium, three species are growing wild in Poland: bilberry /V. myrtillus L./, lingonberry /V. vitis-idaea L./, and bog bilberry /V. uliginosum L./.Two first-mentioned ones are object of our interest. The bilberry is the most important fructiferous shrub of our forests.Thanks to high nutritious, taste and curative values its fruits are in demand as processing raw material both on home, market and for exportation. Bilberry areas occur in the state forests on more than 650 000 ha in lowland and on 25 000 ha in mountains, converted into fully covered area, they amount in lowland to more than 150 000 ha, in mountains to 4000 ha. The bilberry shrubs show in the forest environment a high propagation ability.In conditions of Poland they grow even above 1000 m altitude.A clone of the shrub propagating vegetatively from one individual develops in a radius of 3.5 m expanding starlike, interlaces adjacent clones and in this way closer and closer shrub stands are formed.The life of the overground portion of the shrub is estimated at 30 years but the life of the clone is longer because it is permanent rejuvenating and regenerating. The variation and dynamics of the yield of bilberries cause the greatest difficulties in rational utilization of the berry areas.The yield in lowland berry areas amounts at harvest degree 1 /very low / to 27 kg/ha / when the area is fully covered by bilberry shrubs / and at degree 5 /very high harvest / - 678.6 kg/ha, in mountains respectively 61.5 to 1001.2 kg/ha.The yield of berry areas shows high variation. | |
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