ISHS Acta Horticulturae 152: II International Symposium on Soil Disinfestation
EFFECTIVENESS OF METHYLISOTHIOCYANATEOUS FUMIGANTS AND SOME PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED WITH THEIR USE IN GREENHOUSE TOMATO GROWING IN POLAND |
| Authors: | C. Slusarski, J. Skierkowski |
| Abstract:
At present, methylisothiocyanateous fumigants are the only broad spectrum soil disinfectants avaiable in Poland. In commercial greenhouses several experiments were carried out to evaluate the usefulness of three fumigants: Basamid /dazomet/, Bunema /potassium-N-hydroxymethyl-N-methyldithio-carbamate/ and Di-Trapex /MIT+DD/ for a complex soil disinfestation in greenhouse tomato cultivation. The following problems were studied: phytotoxic persistence in different soils, effectiveness against soil-borne fungi and nematodes, influence on tomato yield and behaviour of some tomato fruit components. The relatively short-lasting after-effects of dazomet and Bunema, permits application of these fumigants between spring and autumn crops of tomatoes. A winter fumigation before spring cropping was also possible, and from an economical point of view was more resonable. The response of tomato plants to a chemical soil disinfestation - favourable or unfavourable from the point of view of plant healthiness depended on: kind and dosage of a fumigant, application technique, and soil properties. The best control of Meloidogyne spp., Pyrenochaeta lycopersici, Phytophtora nicotianae var. nicotianae, Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum atramentarium was obtained with dazomet. The effects of soil fumigation on tomato yield and nutritive value of tomato fruits are also discussed. | |
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