FOREWORD

As was agreed that the publishing should be realised in the first half of 1983, a number of authors did not succeed in having their paper ready for submission in time, so unfortunately a few had to be left out.

The Programme Committee as well as the ISHS are very grateful for the work done by the conveners of this Acta, number 135, titled "Seventh Symposium on Horticultural Economics"

Secretary General

Ir. H.H. van der Borg


PREFACE

This issue contains texts of papers and posters which are presented by economists during the 21^st International Horticultural Congress in Hamburg (Germany, FR) 1982. The volume covers a broad spectrum and gives a round survey of world-wide activities in horticultural economics. It starts with studies which are engaged in special structure, location and energy problems of the sector. The following contributions deal with management techniques for a practical use by individual firms. Other important topics are concerned with market structures and developments, with marketing systems and activities and with consumers' attitude and behavior. Finally there are contributions which are dedicated to the EEC market policy and to special marketing and export problems of developing countries.

It should be mentioned that not all supplied papers and posters of economists could be published here. In this connection it might be of some interest to the reader that he can find the contributions of the invited speakers in the Proceedings of the 21^st International Horticultural Congress.

With a few exceptions the final English texts for this volume have been delivered by the authors themselves. This has caused some typographical beauty-errors, but accelerated the publication considerably. The conveners feel very oblidged to all those who have in any way contributed to this publication.

E.W. Schenk
University of Hannover
for and
management contributions

H.D. Ostendorf
Technical University
of Munich
for market and marketing
contributions