ISHS Acta Horticulturae 1058: X International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems
FIELD PERFORMANCE OF FIVE ROOTSTOCKS WITH TWO PLUM CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | F.R. De Salvador, G. Proietti, R. Tomasone, C. Cedrola |
| Keywords: | 'Shiro', 'Stanley', 'Myrobalan 29', 'MrS 2/5', 'GF 677', 'Penta', 'Tetra' |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2014.1058.73 |
| Abstract:
The experimental plot was established in the autumn of 2002 at the field station of the Research Centre in Rome (Lat 41.7888 N, Long 12.5685 E) with the cultivars ‘Shiro’ (P. salicina) and ‘Stanley’ (P. domestica) grafted onto: ‘Myrobalan 29C’ (P. cerasifera), ‘MrS 2/5’ (P. cerasifera × P. spinosa), ‘GF 677’ (P. persica × P. amygdalus), ‘Tetra’ (open-pollinated seedlings of ‘Regina Claudia Verde’), and ‘Penta’ (open-pollinated seedlings of ‘Imperial Epineuse’). The experimental design was a randomised complete block with twelve single-tree replicates for each rootstock and cultivar. The planting distance was 4,0 x 4,5 m, the trees were trained as open vase and regularly irrigated by a drip system. The trunk cross sectional area of the cultivar ‘Shiro’ was greater than ‘Stanley’. In this cultivar the graft onto ‘GF677’ induced greater trunk growth (128%) with respect to ‘Myrobalan 29C’ (100%), which was reduced by ‘Penta’(98%), ‘Tetra’ (69%) and ‘MrS2/5’ (64%). After 10 years, the cumulated yield per tree was significantly higher in ‘Shiro’ respect to ‘Stanley’. Considering the rootstock effect, ‘GF 677’ induced a higher yield (14~33%) than ‘Myrobalan 29 C’, which decreased in the other combinations: ‘Tetra’, ‘Penta’ and ‘MrS2/5’. ‘GF 677’ and ‘Myrobolan 29C’ showed the greatest fruit weight, that was generally reduced in both cultivars by the other rootstocks. | |
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